The King's School is what we call a `Public School' which confuses Americans, because we mean that the school is private. Basically, parents pay for their children to come here, although there are some places that are funded on merit. The school was probably started by Augustine when he founded the Cathedral in Canterbury, it was certainly well known a hundred years later as a model for monastic schools.
The school, known as the Archbishop's or Almonry School was re-established by Lanfranc in 1095: `both in the grammer and in music for the city and it's neighbourhood'. The school survived Henry VIII's dissolution of the Monasteries, and became the King's School.